English as a New Language Early to Middle Childhood National Board Component 1 Practice Exam 2026 – Comprehensive All-in-One Guide for Success!

Paralanguage covers how we say something, not the words themselves. It includes vocal features like vocal quality, tempo, pitch, volume, and the pauses that shape meaning. Facial expressions and gestures accompany speech but belong to nonverbal communication rather than the vocal cues that paralanguage focuses on. Spelling, by contrast, is about the written form of language and has no relation to how speech is delivered or to the nonverbal signals that accompany it. So spelling is not part of paralanguage.